MCQs: Secondary Immunodeficiency diseases: Pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of AIDS.

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  1. What is the primary cause of Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS)? a) Bacterial infections b) Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) c) Genetic mutations d) Autoimmune disorders

  2. Which type of immune cells does HIV primarily target? a) B cells b) CD4+ T cells c) Natural killer cells d) Macrophages

  3. How does HIV enter and infect CD4+ T cells? a) Directly through the cell membrane b) Via endocytosis c) Through the bloodstream d) It does not infect CD4+ T cells

  4. What are opportunistic infections in the context of AIDS? a) Infections that occur randomly b) Infections that primarily affect healthy individuals c) Infections that only occur in animals d) Infections that take advantage of a weakened immune system

  5. What is the main purpose of measuring viral load in HIV/AIDS management? a) To diagnose HIV infection b) To determine CD4+ T cell counts c) To assess disease progression d) To monitor nutritional status

  6. What is the first step in diagnosing AIDS? a) Measuring viral load b) Testing for opportunistic infections c) CD4+ T cell count monitoring d) HIV testing

  7. What is the primary goal of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in AIDS treatment? a) To cure HIV b) To prevent HIV transmission c) To suppress viral replication d) To boost CD4+ T cell counts

  8. What is the key component of preventing HIV transmission? a) Prophylactic antibiotics b) Safe sex practices c) Nutritional supplements d) Herbal remedies

  9. Which type of vaccine should individuals with HIV receive to prevent additional infections? a) Influenza vaccine b) COVID-19 vaccine c) Hepatitis A and B vaccines d) Tetanus vaccine

  10. What is the main difference between primary and secondary immunodeficiency diseases? a) Primary immunodeficiency is caused by infections, while secondary is genetic. b) Primary immunodeficiency is acquired through exposure, while secondary is congenital. c) Primary immunodeficiency results from factors outside the immune system, while secondary is due to genetic mutations. d) Primary immunodeficiency is caused by genetic mutations, while secondary is acquired due to factors outside the immune system.

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